threats

According to FinanceFeeds, Alex Thorn, the research director of Galaxy Digital, stated that as advancements in quantum computing hardware accelerate, the Bitcoin community is shifting from decentralized debates to forming a preliminary consensus on quantum threats. The core direction is to gradually introduce post-quantum cryptography (PQC) through soft forks, achieving an upgrade of the address system and long-term security assurance.The report points out that the current Bitcoin signature mechanism, which uses the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm, can theoretically be cracked by Shor's algorithm. Approximately 2 million BTC from early p2pkh addresses are at risk because their public keys have been exposed, facing the potential risk of "collecting first and decrypting later." The community tends to promote a "migration window" mechanism to guide users in transferring their assets to new quantum-resistant addresses, and after a multi-year grace period, to implement freezing or destruction of untransferred assets to prevent large-scale market impacts in extreme situations. Additionally, the consensus includes enhancing "cryptographic agility," which allows protocols to switch signature algorithms without interrupting the network.The current proposal leans towards a dual-signature mechanism that uses ECDSA and PQC (such as Dilithium) in parallel, ensuring security redundancy while facilitating a smooth transition. Analysts believe that this approach transforms the quantum threat from a "black swan event" into a manageable technological upgrade, helping to solidify Bitcoin's security foundation as a long-term store of value asset.

Researcher Dan Robinson from Paradigm proposed a new scheme called PACT (Verifiable Address Controlled Timestamp), aimed at protecting long-dormant bitcoins, including Satoshi's early addresses, from future quantum computing attacks.This mechanism allows users to prove their control over an address through a timestamp without the need to transfer assets or expose on-chain behavior. Once future quantum attacks occur, assets can be recovered in a quantum-resistant version of the Bitcoin network based on that proof. Compared to mandatory migration schemes (like BIP-361), PACT avoids the privacy exposure issues caused by actively transferring assets, providing long-term holders with a more flexible preemptive protection path.

The Solana Foundation stated that its core development team Anza has reached an agreement with Firedancer, a subsidiary of Jump Crypto, on a potential post-quantum solution, planning to introduce a new digital signature scheme called Falcon.Although the threat of quantum computing is not expected to materialize for several years, Solana has developed a phased upgrade roadmap. This plan includes ongoing research into Falcon and other alternatives, introducing post-quantum solutions for new wallets when necessary, and ultimately completing the migration of existing wallets. Currently, the quantum-resistant primitive Winternitz Vault, developed by Blueshift, has been running on Solana for over two years. The Solana Foundation stated that the network's high-speed, low-latency design can accommodate such solutions, and the migration is not expected to have a significant impact on performance.

According to CertiK senior blockchain investigator Natalie Newson, real-time deepfakes, phishing, supply chain attacks, and cross-chain vulnerabilities will be the main sources of crypto hacking attacks.To date, the industry has lost over $600 million due to hacking attacks, including the $293 million vulnerability incident at Kelp DAO and the $280 million theft incident at Drift Protocol, both of which are related to North Korean hacker groups. Newson warned that the accelerated development of AI will make attack methods more complex, including more realistic deepfakes, autonomous attack agents, and "agent AI" that can automatically scan for vulnerabilities in smart contracts, but AI can also serve as a defense tool. CertiK advises investors to verify the authenticity of URLs and use cold wallets to store assets to reduce risk.

According to a report by AXIOS cited by Jinshi, senior U.S. officials stated that there have been no threats of Iranian attacks on vessels.

Former Google quantum hardware chief and 2025 Nobel Prize in Physics winner John Martinis warned that Bitcoin could become one of the first real targets for quantum computing attacks. He stated that recent research from Google shows that advanced quantum computers could derive Bitcoin private keys in a matter of minutes, significantly lowering the computational security barriers that the network currently relies on.Since Bitcoin relies on elliptic curve cryptography and the network upgrades slowly and is decentralized, this makes the quantum threat harder to address than in traditional financial systems. The public key exposure window when broadcasting Bitcoin transactions could be exploited by quantum computers to intercept funds before the transaction is finally confirmed. John Martinis emphasized that while building such quantum computers remains an extremely challenging engineering task, the community should not be complacent and should plan for quantum-resistant upgrades as soon as possible, anticipating that related threats will gradually emerge within 5 to 10 years.

Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong stated that he will personally invest in research on Bitcoin's resistance to quantum-related issues and emphasized that the industry needs to push for solutions as soon as possible.Coinbase Chief Security Officer Philip Martin previously pointed out that as research in quantum computing progresses, the industry needs to accelerate its response to potential threats. He stated that post-quantum cryptography is feasible but still in the early stages of development. If implemented hastily, it could introduce new security risks, and there needs to be a consensus on issues such as how to handle wallets that have not completed migration. In addition, Coinbase has initiated related infrastructure upgrades and research, and is promoting collaboration among developers and the community to advance quantum-resistant solutions.

According to Cointelegraph, Google has set 2029 as the deadline for its post-quantum cryptography migration, warning that the threat of quantum computing may arrive sooner than expected.Google stated that the rapid advancements in quantum computing hardware and quantum error correction, along with updates to the timeline for quantum computers to break current encryption standards, have heightened the urgency for action. This is the first time Google has set a timeline for the deployment of post-quantum capabilities in its products, ahead of some industry predictions for "Q-Day." Google is developing its quantum chip Willow, which has 105 qubits and is one of the most powerful quantum processors currently available.

According to a report by Cointelegraph, Ark Invest and Unchained jointly released a report stating that although most of the Bitcoin supply is secure against breakthroughs in quantum computing, approximately 34.6% of Bitcoin still faces potential risks.The threatened amounts include about 5 million BTC (25% of the total supply) that are transferable due to address reuse, around 1.7 million BTC (8.6%) stored in early P2PK addresses, and about 200,000 BTC (approximately 1%) affected by the P2TR address type.If quantum computers can break Bitcoin's elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), these funds may face the risk of theft, but this stage is expected to take years to achieve. Ark Invest believes that this is a "long-term risk," and therefore the Bitcoin community has ample time to research and implement quantum protection measures.

The crypto KOL @sillytuna revealed on social media that his personal address has encountered a serious security incident, resulting in a loss of approximately 24 million AUSD. He stated that the incident involved violence, weapons, and kidnapping threats, and the police have intervened. @sillytuna mentioned that he will completely withdraw from the crypto space and is "grateful to have kept his limbs."According to previous news from ChainCatcher, monitoring by Shield indicates that the address associated with crypto KOL @sillytuna (0xd2e8...ca41) has suffered from an address poisoning attack, resulting in a loss of approximately 24 million aEth USDC.

StarkWare CEO Eli Ben-Sasson spoke on X about the potential impact of quantum computing on the crypto industry, calling for a proactive deployment of post-quantum security upgrades across multi-chain ecosystems, including Bitcoin, and proposed a five-step action plan:Acknowledge the threat and clearly recognize that once quantum computers mature, they will pose a severe challenge to the existing public key cryptography system, and take decisive action to implement countermeasures.Enhance education and information dissemination, systematically learn about the current state of quantum computing development and feasible solutions in post-quantum cryptography (PQC), and spread relevant knowledge within the community to raise overall awareness.Organize and invest resources to support and collaborate with post-quantum cryptography experts, promote multiple research and engineering practices, and provide funding and community initiative support for related projects.Listen to expert advice and establish standards, with experts proposing specific technical routes, including the selection of new signature algorithm standards and the reasonable post-quantum security levels required for hash functions.Promote protocol and infrastructure upgrades, introduce new quantum-resistant signature mechanisms at the core protocol layer, and ensure compatibility and integration with key infrastructures such as wallets to ensure a smooth transition.

Star investor Kevin O'Leary from "Shark Tank" posted on the X platform that he remains bullish on Bitcoin, but now quantum computing has become a new concern. He stated that quantum computing is causing institutions to hesitate, as they worry that one day quantum computers might crack the blockchain.As long as this issue remains unresolved, institutional investors are unlikely to increase their allocation to Bitcoin above 3%. They will remain cautious and disciplined, waiting for clearer conclusions.

According to Cointelegraph, venture capitalist Nic Carter stated in a podcast that the long-term inaction of Bitcoin developers regarding the potential threat of quantum computing to Bitcoin may lead to dissatisfaction among large institutions holding significant amounts of Bitcoin (such as BlackRock), ultimately triggering an "institutional takeover."Nic Carter warned that institutions will not tolerate the core security issues of Bitcoin being ignored for an extended period. "If developers continue to be inactive, institutions will lose patience and will fire the current developers, replacing them with new ones."

According to relevant page information, Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 360 (BIP-360) has been added to the official code repository.This proposal introduces the Pay-to-Merkle-Root (P2MR) output type, aimed at enhancing Bitcoin's defense against quantum computing threats through a soft fork.

According to market news, Strategy's Executive Chairman Michael Saylor announced during the earnings call that a Bitcoin security initiative is planned to address quantum computing and other future security threats. This initiative will collaborate with global cybersecurity, cryptographic security, and Bitcoin security councils to coordinate relevant research and risk responses.Saylor stated that the current consensus is that quantum threats are not expected to materialize for at least another 10 years or longer, and many global teams are already developing quantum-resistant protocols. He emphasized that Bitcoin is scalable, and if a quantum upgrade is needed in the future, its network will become more resilient as a result. He also reminded that it is crucial to seize the opportunity to address such risks; acting too early may lead to immature technology, while acting too late could result in unnecessary risks.

In response to a recently circulated so-called "lawyer's letter," Binance stated that the document was not issued by Binance and is a forged document. Previously, X user Lewsiphur accused Binance of being insolvent and claimed that it would have a more severe impact on the market than FTX. Subsequently, he shared a suspected cease-and-desist letter allegedly issued by Binance, stating that failure to delete the relevant content within the specified time would result in legal action.The official Binance customer service account responded, stating: "This letter did not come from Binance, but is a forged document with strong subjective speculation. We remind users to be vigilant against false documents and misleading information." As of now, the aforementioned related accusations have not been deleted.Regarding the recent bankruptcy rumors surrounding Binance, the company has repeatedly denied them and stated that such claims lack factual basis. Binance co-founder He Yi also mentioned that the concentrated withdrawal behavior initiated in the community can be seen as a stress test to some extent, and on-chain data shows that the related activities have not led to a decrease in the platform's asset scale.

According to official news, Coinbase has announced the establishment of an independent advisory committee on quantum computing and blockchain to address future quantum threats. The committee brings together world-renowned experts with the goal of assessing the impact of quantum computing on the blockchain ecosystem and providing clear, independent guidance to the broader community. The committee will publish position papers on quantum risks, offering defense recommendations for developers and institutions, and providing real-time analysis on technological breakthroughs.Coinbase stated that this committee is part of its post-quantum security roadmap, which also includes updating the handling of Bitcoin addresses, internal key management systems, and advancing support for post-quantum signature schemes like ML-DSA in multi-party computation (MPC) systems. The committee is expected to release its first position paper on quantum risk assessment and resilience building roadmap early next year.Committee members include Scott Aaronson, Director of the Quantum Information Center at the University of Texas at Austin, Dan Boneh, Co-Director of the Blockchain Research Center at Stanford University, Justin Drake, Researcher at the Ethereum Foundation, Sreeram Kannan, Founder of EigenLayer, Yehuda Lindell, Chief Cryptographer at Coinbase, and Dahlia Malkhi, an expert in distributed systems at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).

Coinbase has announced the establishment of an independent advisory committee on quantum computing and blockchain to address future quantum threats.The committee brings together world-renowned experts with the goal of assessing the impact of quantum computing on the blockchain ecosystem and providing clear, independent guidance to the broader community. The committee will publish position papers on quantum risks, offering defense recommendations for developers and institutions, and providing real-time analysis on technological breakthroughs. Coinbase stated that this committee is part of its post-quantum security roadmap, which also includes updating the handling of Bitcoin addresses, internal key management systems, and advancing support for post-quantum signature schemes like ML-DSA in multi-party computation (MPC) systems. The committee is expected to release its first position paper on quantum risk assessment and resilience building roadmap early next year. Committee members include Scott Aaronson, Director of the Quantum Information Center at the University of Texas at Austin, Dan Boneh, Co-Director of the Blockchain Research Center at Stanford University, Justin Drake, Researcher at the Ethereum Foundation, Sreeram Kannan, Founder of EigenLayer, Yehuda Lindell, Chief Cryptographer at Coinbase, and Dahlia Malkhi, an expert in distributed systems at the University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB).

According to Jin Ten, investor sentiment fluctuated on Tuesday, with the U.S. stock market closing with the largest single-day drop in three months. Jamie Cox, managing partner of Harris Financial Group, stated that there are no signs of investors fleeing. He believes that the Greenland issue and tariff threats are unlikely to lead to a market correction, and he would be surprised if the stock market drops 3% to 5% this week.