standard

Payment company Block announced the integration of the Bitcoin Lightning Network into the x402 payment standard. The x402 protocol can complete verification and unlock data through Lightning Network invoices and payment preimages after the server returns an HTTP 402 payment request.Steve Lee, head of Block's open-source Bitcoin development department Spiral, stated that this integration is aimed at instant, low-cost micropayment scenarios. Block has not yet disclosed the timeline for integrating this standard into Cash App, Square, or Bitkey, and the related Python implementation still needs to be tested through real nodes.

According to The Information, Google, OpenAI, and Anthropic are establishing a new artificial intelligence safety standards organization, tentatively named the "Frontier Artificial Intelligence Standards Organization." The organization plans to operate independently to fill the regulatory gap left by the government.

B.AI announced a major upgrade to its Responses API, which is now fully compatible with upstream standard protocols. Existing models on the platform can be uniformly called through the /v1/responses interface as long as they support the Responses API.At the same time, when B.AI adds new models from integrated vendors in the future, developers will not need additional configuration to automatically and seamlessly integrate them into the Codex client. In this upgrade, the official API full set group adds support for MiMo, Qwen, and Hunyuan series models, while the Mix and OL Station optional service provider group adds support for OpenAI, Gemini, and Grok series models.Developers only need to complete the minimal configuration of the API Key and Base URL to integrate the capabilities of various models into their daily workflows.

Bitcoin News posted on the X platform that the x402 Foundation has incorporated the Lightning Network payment specifications into its open internet payment standards. x402 was originally developed by Coinbase, aiming to allow AI agents and applications to automatically complete payments and continue executing tasks upon receiving a "402 Payment Required" response, without the need to create accounts, input credit card information, or manage API subscriptions.The protocol is now governed by the Linux Foundation, with participation from companies such as Cloudflare, Google, AWS, Visa, Mastercard, Stripe, and American Express. With the incorporation of the Lightning Network, AI agents can utilize the Satoshi payment API calls, data, computing power, MCP tools, and other digital resources, and cryptographically prove payments through Lightning Network pre-images.

OpenAI CEO Sam Altman will advocate for the establishment of artificial intelligence standards in a speech at the United Nations.

The Federal Register of the United States published today a rule filing notice from KalshiEX LLC (Kalshi), stating that the prediction market platform has submitted a proposed rule change to the SEC, claiming immediate effectiveness. The content is the addition of Chapter 14 to the rules manual, aimed at listing "Perpetual Securities Futures Products" (Perpetual SFPs).The contracts have no fixed expiration date, and the contract price is anchored near the spot price of the underlying U.S. stocks or ETFs through periodic funding fees from both long and short parties. Kalshi qualifies it as a securities future, planned to be cleared by its clearing platform Kalshi Klear. The listing threshold is relatively high, requiring the underlying to have a deliverable supply of over 20 million shares, a market capitalization of at least $100 billion, and an average daily trading volume of at least $450 million over the past six months, with contract units mostly being 100 shares.

Cardano has joined the official x402 software development kit, allowing developers to enable applications or AI agents to use ADA or Cardano network tokens to pay for online services. x402 transforms the basic idle "402 Payment Required" response in web pages into a checkout process built into internet requests: the service provider returns the price and payment instructions, the agent signs the payment, and after transaction verification, the required data or computing power can be obtained.This means that AI agents can purchase individual datasets on demand when preparing reports, without the need for manual account registration, entering credit card information, or subscribing to monthly fees. x402 was created by Coinbase in 2025 and subsequently contributed to an organization under the Linux Foundation, with members including Visa, Mastercard, Stripe, Google, and Amazon Web Services. Solana, XRP Ledger, and several Ethereum-compatible networks have previously supported this standard.Engineers from the Cardano Foundation have built client and server software for payment requests based on the specifications passed in June, as well as a facilitator responsible for verifying and submitting transactions. The first version supports TypeScript, with Python support planned for later release. Facilitator documentation shows that it has completed a real transaction on the Cardano pre-production network, but it has not yet run on the mainnet, nor has it demonstrated scenarios where agents use ADA to pay for commercial services on a large scale.

Geoff Kendrick, the Global Head of Digital Assets Research at Standard Chartered, stated that ARB is expected to reach $10 by the end of 2030. This prediction is based on a reference price of $0.14, which is approximately 48 times the current price of $0.21; its annual targets also include $0.5 in 2026, $1.5 in 2027, $3.5 in 2028, and $6.5 in 2029.Arbitrum's monthly revenue is expected to reach $5 million, more than five times the growth before the launch of Robinhood Chain. Robinhood Chain launched its public blockchain mainnet on July 1, based on the Arbitrum platform, targeting tokenized assets and decentralized finance applications; according to the Expansion Program, 10% of the protocol's net revenue is returned to the Arbitrum ecosystem, with 8% going to the ArbitrumDAO treasury and 2% supporting the Arbitrum Developer Guild.ARB is the ERC-20 governance token used for voting on ArbitrumDAO proposals, and currently does not represent ownership of on-chain assets, nor does it have a mechanism for directly capturing Arbitrum revenue. Standard Chartered pointed out that the slowdown in the tokenization process, competitive blockchains, and the lack of a direct value capture mechanism for ARB are the main risks facing this prediction.

Ripple announced the expansion of its XRP Ledger developer suite to support the Machine Payment Protocol (MPP) co-developed by Stripe and Tempo, as well as the open wallet standard. The XRPL AI Starter Kit version 1.1 adds this support, enabling AI agents to use tokens like XRP and RLUSD to pay for online services such as data and computing power. Jazzi Cooper, head of RippleX products, stated that Ripple's goal is for XRP and RLUSD to become the preferred payment options for developers when building applications.MPP allows AI agents to pay on demand: the service provider quotes a price for the request, and after the agent authorizes the payment, the service provider delivers the resources. This standard was co-authored by payment company Stripe and payment chain Tempo. Ripple has supported another network payment standard, x402, since June, and now supports both standards simultaneously. The open wallet standard allows agents to initiate transactions without accessing private keys and includes security mechanisms such as spending limits and whitelisted destinations.XRP payment channels are suitable for small, high-frequency payment scenarios, allowing agents to deposit XRP once, run hundreds of payment queries, and authorize small expenditures sequentially, enabling the service provider to collect cumulative payments without having to put each query on-chain. Currently, single payments support tokens like RLUSD, but continuous payment sessions are limited to XRP, and incorporating stablecoins into the channel depends on the proposed ledger upgrade. This payment software is still in the testing phase.

Standard Chartered Bank has initiated coverage of Arbitrum's ARB token, predicting it will rise from approximately $0.14 to $10 by the end of 2030, citing revenue from networks like Robinhood Chain.The bank also warns that ARB holders cannot directly share in Arbitrum's revenue, and there are risks such as a slowdown in the tokenization process and competition from peers.

According to The Block, Standard Chartered Bank has initiated coverage research on the Arbitrum (ARB) token for the first time, giving a target price of $10 by the end of 2030, which is approximately a 70-fold increase from the current price.Geoff Kendrick, the global head of digital asset research at the bank, stated in a report to clients that ARB is expected to outperform Bitcoin and Ethereum during the forecast period. Standard Chartered also predicts that Ethereum will reach $4,000 by the end of 2026 and $40,000 by the end of 2030, while Bitcoin will reach $100,000 by the end of 2026 and $500,000 by the end of 2030.Kendrick pointed out that Arbitrum is acting as an enterprise-level infrastructure provider, helping traditional financial institutions migrate assets on-chain. According to the Arbitrum expansion plan, the network can receive a rolling fee equivalent to 10% of net protocol revenue from external chains using its tech stack. After the launch of Robinhood Chain on July 1, Standard Chartered estimates that Arbitrum could earn about $5 million in AEP fees in September; the average daily fee revenue for Robinhood Chain in the first two weeks of September was $2.8 million, and Arbitrum's monthly total revenue has increased more than fivefold compared to the levels before the chain's launch.

The Robinhood chain ecosystem token STANDARD (The Standard Reserve) reached a market value of 40 million USD two hours after its launch, then fell back, currently reported at 28.91 million USD, with a trading volume exceeding 40 million USD. The current circulating supply of the on-chain STANDARD token is 98,323,639.9815 tokens.The project aims to become an on-chain sovereign central bank, attempting to replace traditional central banks or DAO governance with immutable smart contract code (about 4,000 lines) to achieve automatic monetary policy. The protocol automatically adjusts monetary policy through the net flow of ETH in the official trading pool of Uniswap v4: when there is a net inflow of funds, it gradually expands the issuance of STANDARD and uses the income to accumulate reserve assets and the protocol's own liquidity; when there is a net outflow of funds, it reduces the issuance and uses the income to buy back and destroy tokens.The official white paper shows that STANDARD, as the only token in the ecosystem, has a hard cap of 1 billion tokens. At the genesis, only 100 million tokens were pre-mined, and all were locked as the protocol's own liquidity in the ETH--STANDARD pool on Uniswap v4. The remaining 900 million tokens are the issuance budget, and once the cumulative issuance is exhausted, the basic issuance will permanently stop. The trading fee distribution plan is: 70% goes to the reserve/buyback pool, 15% for permanent liquidity, and 15% allocated to the team. The current basic issuance of the protocol starts at 700,000 tokens per day and adjusts the policy multiplier m based on the inflow of ETH (ranging from 0.2 times to 1.25 times, starting at 1 time).

"The Sovereign Chain Central Bank" The Standard Reserve has completed the minting of Genesis Charters. This minting raised a total of 583.6 ETH (approximately 1.47 million USD). The whitelist minting price was 0.15 ETH, and the majority of the public auction transaction prices fell between 1.23 and 1.25 ETH. The proceeds from the minting will be 100% allocated to initial liquidity and the protocol treasury, with no profit sharing for the team.According to GMGN market data, the market capitalization of STANDARD briefly reached 18.38 million USD, with the current market capitalization at 17.06 million USD. The first hour of STANDARD token trading set a temporary anti-sniping tax, starting at 90% and exponentially decaying, with most of the decay occurring in the first 5 minutes, and the tax fees going into the protocol; after 1 hour, regular trading fees will resume.

Ethlabs researcher Derek Chiang stated that the collaboration between Base and Ethereum regarding account abstraction around EIP-8130 and EIP-8141 (Frames) has broken down last week, with both parties advancing their respective AA standards.He pointed out that for a long time, the EVM has been a unifying force between L1 and L2, and sharing an AA standard could have ensured a consistent multi-chain experience for smart accounts, including future post-quantum accounts. However, as the industry evolves, L1 and L2 are beginning to differentiate in terms of value and use cases: L1 pursues censorship resistance and capture, open source, privacy, and security, while L2 focuses on scalability, customization, and compliance.Both sides agree on core use cases such as gasless transactions and passkey wallets, but there are significant differences in compliance requirements. Chiang believes that a lack of unified standards may not be a bad outcome, as both parties can maximize innovation according to their visions.He proposed two paths: establishing a governance mechanism for shared resources like the EVM that covers more stakeholders, or accepting that a lack of unified standards is inevitable and focusing on building wallets and applications that can mask differences, expressing greater optimism about the second path.

The Standard Reserve, self-proclaimed as the "On-Chain Central Bank," will launch on September 14 and announce the genesis minting arrangements. The whitelist minting window for Genesis Charters is from 5:30 PM to 8:30 PM Eastern Time (from 5:30 AM to 10:30 AM Beijing Time on September 15), with a liquidity fee of 0.15 ETH; after this period, the remaining Genesis Charters will enter a 30-minute descending Dutch auction mode, starting at a price of 1.25 ETH, with a minimum price of 0.15 ETH. 100% of the minting proceeds will go into initial liquidity and the protocol treasury, with no profit-sharing for the team.After the minting ends, the official will inject liquidity and open trading for the STANDARD token, with a temporary anti-sniping tax set for the first hour, starting at 90% and decaying exponentially, with most of it decaying in the first 5 minutes, and the tax fees going into the protocol; after 1 hour, regular trading fees will resume. At the same time trading opens, Charter emissions will be initiated, and 100 branch licenses will be auctioned (paid in STANDARD, via Dutch auction).

According to crypto journalist Eleanor Terrett, U.S. Senate Republicans have released a new version of the CLARITY Act text, referring to it as the "last, best, and final proposal" presented to Democrats before the debate vote ends on Tuesday. The new text includes several adjustments related to ethical standards, BRCA, stablecoin earnings, and provisions related to the Agriculture Committee.Among them, Trump has agreed to about 80% of the content of the Tillis-Gallego ethical standards proposal, including the sale of "significant" crypto-related financial interests or placing them in a blind trust; the stablecoin earnings section introduces a "circuit breaker mechanism," allowing federal regulators to intervene if there is a large-scale flow of community bank deposits into stablecoins, with the relevant judgment to be made by U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent. Additionally, the scope of BRCA's protections has been narrowed, and the new text further strengthens restrictions on vertical integration, including related party transactions and conflicts of interest involving digital commodity exchanges, brokers, and dealers.

Anthropic, OpenAI, and Google are discussing the establishment of an AI industry standards organization. Anthropic CEO Dario Amodei has called for AI companies to coordinate on technical testing and audits. OpenAI founder Sam Altman expressed support for the establishment of testing and auditing organizations but believes that large AI labs should establish industry standards organizations on their own rather than relying on the U.S. government.

Geoff Kendrick, the Global Head of Digital Asset Research at Standard Chartered, stated in a research report that SKY could reach $0.325 by the end of 2028, which is five times the benchmark price of $0.065 set in the report. The bank expects that the price increase of SKY will roughly synchronize with ETH and outperform Bitcoin before the end of 2028.Sky is a decentralized finance platform that will adopt its current name in 2024 and launch USDS and the governance token SKY. Since September 2024, Sky's agency has borrowed $5.9 billion USDS; the supply of USDS reached $10.04 billion in June, a year-on-year increase of 96.9%, down from $11.14 billion in May. Standard Chartered stated that further growth in USDS supply will drive protocol revenue and increase distributions to token holders, while staking rewards and a token buyback mechanism will be used to distribute value to SKY holders. The bank expects that the value distributed to holders will at least double in the next 12 months and noted that the slower-than-expected growth of yield-bearing stablecoins is a major risk to SKY's outlook.

The on-chain central bank project The Standard Reserve announced on X that the project will launch on September 14. The project was initiated by developer 0xBeans and released its white paper on August 23, positioning itself as a revised version of Olympus DAO (OHM), with plans to launch on the Robinhood Chain. Currently, the project is in the audit and whitelist allocation phase, and there are no tokens or NFTs available for trading.In terms of the issuance mechanism, the system only references the official Uniswap v4 pool's ETH/$STANDARD net ETH flow. When the net flow is positive, issuance will expand, and protocol fees will be used to accumulate reserve assets; when the net flow is negative, issuance will be reduced, shifting towards the buyback and destruction of STANDARD. The total supply of STANDARD is capped at 1 billion, with 100 million injected into the protocol as permanently held Uniswap v4 liquidity provider across all ranges at genesis, and the remaining 900 million allocated for long-term issuance budget.