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first_img Major manufacturers increase orders, TSMC's 2-nanometer monthly production capacity is expected to reach 120,000 wafers by the end of the year

According to the Economic Daily, major companies such as Apple, NVIDIA, AMD, Qualcomm, and MediaTek are racing towards AI and high-performance computing, recently increasing their orders for TSMC's 2-nanometer family capacity by 10% to 20%. As a result, TSMC is accelerating the expansion of its 2-nanometer family, with progress exceeding expectations. TSMC has consistently refrained from commenting on customer information and market rumors.The market originally estimated that TSMC's monthly capacity for the 2-nanometer family would be around 90,000 to 100,000 wafers by the end of this year, with expectations for continued double-digit growth to reach 110,000 to 140,000 wafers by 2027. Industry sources indicate that due to strong customer demand, the monthly capacity is expected to surge to 120,000 wafers by the end of this year, achieving the originally set 2027 target ahead of schedule. Sources say that in response to the demands from Apple and non-Apple customers, the speed and scale of new capacity for the 2-nanometer family are setting new records, far exceeding the ramp-up speed of the 3-nanometer family in its first year.TSMC's Senior Vice President and Co-COO, Wei Chen-Hao, stated at this year's North America Technology Forum that in response to strong demand from AI and other sectors, there will be five 2-nanometer fabs ramping up simultaneously for the first time this year, including two in Hsinchu and three in Kaohsiung; the wafer output in the first year of 2-nanometer will increase by 45% compared to the first year of 3-nanometer in 2023; the compound annual growth rate of 2-nanometer capacity from 2026 to 2028 will reach 70%. TSMC's 3-nanometer capacity in the Southern Taiwan Science Park is expected to reach nearly 180,000 wafers per month in the fourth quarter of this year, and three new 3-nanometer fabs are being established in Taiwan, Arizona in the United States, and Japan. The second fab in the United States is planned to begin mass production in the second half of 2027.

Michael Saylor proposed a digital economy policy framework: BTC should be integrated into the banking and insurance systems

Michael Saylor published a long article titled "Prescriptions for Prosperity in the Digital Economy," stating that artificial intelligence will significantly enhance the productivity of individuals and businesses, thus necessitating a more free environment for creating, financing, owning, and trading assets. He suggests establishing a "Digital Bill of Rights" for digital assets, which centers on granting individuals and businesses the rights to create, issue, custody, transfer, and use digital assets, while providing fundamental protections in financial privacy, asset ownership, and market access.Saylor believes that digital intelligence will drive the birth of a large number of new enterprises, and financing costs, complexity, and time costs should be reduced, while improving capital formation efficiency through means such as digital tokens. He proposes a goal of enabling 10 million new enterprises to secure financing, while also establishing clear issuance rules and risk-matched disclosure requirements.Regarding the digital dollar, Saylor advocates for allowing banks, fintech companies, and technology platforms to compete more fully in the digital dollar product space and for issuers to compete around yields. He believes that the U.S. can further expand the global reach of the dollar by allowing companies to develop more competitive dollar digital products.For Bitcoin, Saylor defines it as "digital capital," advocating for allowing banks to custody Bitcoin under clear rules and use it as collateral for providing credit, while also establishing a viable path for insurance companies to incorporate digital capital into their balance sheets and product designs.He specifically mentions that the Basel Accord applies a 1250% risk weight to certain crypto asset exposures, arguing that regulators should reassess the relevant capital requirements based on the actual risks of digital assets and specific business activities.

first_img Jeff Booth stated that the $1 million Bitcoin target is too small and believes that the dollar-denominated system is manipulated

Writer and author of "The Price of Tomorrow," Jeff Booth, stated in a video interview with Bitcoin Magazine that the price target of $1 million for Bitcoin is "thinking too small." He believes that pricing Bitcoin in a constantly depreciating fiat currency is equivalent to valuing it within a system manipulated by currency devaluation, making such a target invalid. In his view, Bitcoin is not just a token or an asset, but the beginning of a decentralized, secure, and privacy-focused protocol stack, which will ultimately resemble the internet, and it is also the first true free market in human history.In the interview, Booth also discussed AI valuation and technological deflation. He believes that a free market will drive the prices of AI services toward zero, and this deflationary force brought by AI will conflict with a monetary system built on debt. He mentioned the United States' debt of up to $40 trillion, bond yields, and a financial system that is approximately $350 trillion in size and essentially insolvent, linking AI singularity theory, market fear, and monopolistic regulation.In the longer-term section, Booth talked about the adoption timeline of Bitcoin and emphasized that Bitcoin is not just an asset. He also discussed the global expansion of Bitcoin payments and the circular economy, as well as ideas such as private equity supported by Bitcoin and permanently held enterprises, outlining a deflationary future priced in Bitcoin.

first_img The Wall Street Journal: AI infrastructure may become the largest economic bet in American history

According to a report by The Wall Street Journal, the construction of artificial intelligence is becoming the largest economic bet in American history, surpassing investments in railroads, highway systems, and internet infrastructure. The report states that spending on data centers has exceeded the combined expenditures on canals, railroads, and power grid construction, and this related construction is driving inflation while creating jobs and wealth.Economist Stijn van Nieuwerburgh, in estimates published by the Brookings Institution, shows that total investment in data centers and related artificial intelligence infrastructure is expected to reach $10.3 trillion from 2025 to 2032, averaging about 3.6% of GDP annually. The report states that the U.S. economy has never been so dependent on the construction of a single industry. Goldman Sachs estimates that by 2026, U.S. investment in artificial intelligence will reach 1.9% of GDP; the last time a single new industry accounted for a larger share of the economy was during the railroad boom in the late 19th century.The estimates list the average annual infrastructure spending as a percentage of GDP as follows: canals from 1836 to 1841 at 0.66%, railroads from 1870 to 1890 at 2.24%, electrification from 1905 to 1925 at 0.5%, highways from 1956 to 1973 at 1.13%, telecommunications and fiber optics from 1996 to 2003 at 1.1%, and artificial intelligence from 2025 to 2032 at 3.63%. The report also states that this investment is transforming various sectors of the economy, creating hundreds of thousands of jobs and producing new billionaires, while also carrying significant risks, as a large portion of it is supported by debt.

first_img Analysis: 1b DRAM unit area value exceeds TSMC 2 nanometers

Semiconductor analysis firm Kernel Insight: Demand for artificial intelligence drives DRAM prices to maintain historical highs, with the unit area sales value of the latest process DRAM exceeding the wafer prices of TSMC's N2 and N3. The firm estimates TSMC's 300mm N3 wafer price at $20,000 and N2 at $30,000, translating to nominal prices of approximately $0.283 per square millimeter and $0.424 per square millimeter, respectively, not accounting for edge losses, cutting losses, yield, and defects.Based on a price of $1.50 per Gb and generational bit density calculations, 1y DRAM is $0.329 per square millimeter, 1z is $0.410 per square millimeter, and 1b is $0.654 per square millimeter, more than 50% higher than N2. The 10nm process gradually shrinks in the order of 1y, 1z, 1a, and 1b. The above prices per Gb assume they are close to spot prices; DRAMeXchange data shows that on September 21, the average transaction price for 16Gb DDR5 eTT chips was $24.80, approximately $1.55 per Gb.There are differences in comparison metrics. TSMC's figures represent the wafer foundry prices paid by customers, while the DRAM figures represent the total sales potential of finished products and do not include advanced packaging costs; TSMC's actual supply prices will vary with order volumes and contracts. DRAM metrics are based on small spot prices, differing from the long-term contract prices of Samsung Electronics, SK Hynix, and Micron's revenue entities. Recently, non-public fixed trading prices have strengthened; if they have not yet fully reflected in spot prices, the leading margin of wafer unit prices for memory manufacturers may be even greater.

first_img Chainalysis: Cryptocurrency economic activity decreased by only 1.6% in a year, with a market value shrinkage of 2.1 trillion USD

According to The Block, based on the seventh annual Geographies report by blockchain analysis company Chainalysis, during the 12 months ending June 30, 2026, the scale of global cryptocurrency economic activity shrank by only 1.6%, from $9.5 trillion to $9.4 trillion. During the same period, the total market capitalization of the cryptocurrency market fell by about 50%, shrinking by $2.1 trillion, marking the most severe cryptocurrency bear market since 2022. The report states that the decline in economic activity is much smaller than the decline in market capitalization.Capital flows showed divergence. Funds flowing into exchanges, DeFi protocols, and other cryptocurrency services decreased by 4.3% to $8.9 trillion; domestic P2P transfers surged by 302.9% to $228.7 billion; cross-border stablecoin flows grew by 77.5%, rising from $124.2 billion to $220.3 billion. Chainalysis noted that its cross-border statistics are somewhat conservative, as they exclude transfers where the sending and receiving countries cannot be confirmed, and pointed out that this growth comes from payments averaging about $3,000, which are far from institutional levels and more aligned with everyday use cases such as personal payments to vendors, cross-border remittances, or transferring savings.Stablecoins demonstrated better value retention during the market capitalization decline compared to other cryptocurrency assets, with global on-chain balances dropping from $860 billion in September 2025 to $440 billion in June 2026, while stablecoin balances remained between $98 billion and $109 billion during this period.

X-Agent Hackathon Emerges: The Prototype of Agent Economy - AI Begins to Independently Accept Orders, Refuse Transactions, and Purchase Models

The ongoing X-Agent AI MCP Hackathon has received nearly 40 projects, with some public works turning work decisions, capital management, and inter-machine trading into runnable products. X-Agent introduces three cases: BountyProof checks whether tasks are open, claimed, have relevant submissions, and the authenticity of rewards before the Agent accepts GitHub bounty tasks, with the core question being "Is this work worth doing?"Abstain empowers the Agent with the "do not trade" capability, returning execution, abandonment, or no trade based on preset rules before order execution. sumplus helps the Agent choose suitable model service solutions based on task context, output scale, model capability, and invocation costs, making the Agent an autonomous buyer of models, computing power, data, and API services.The three projects correspond to the foundational economic behaviors of the Agent: accepting work, utilizing funds, and purchasing services, pointing to work, capital, and trading primitives. X-Agent believes that a true Agent economy requires a complete cycle of "building, deploying, operating, discovering, invoking, paying, earning revenue, and distributing," positioning itself as the application layer of the Agent economy. This hackathon is still in the review stage, and the mentioned projects are only for public case reference, not representing shortlisted or award results.
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