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AAVE $90.31 -2.63%
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usl

The Polish Parliament is reviewing four cryptocurrency bills simultaneously

The Speaker of the Polish Sejm, Włodzimierz Czarzasty, announced that the parliament has officially begun reviewing four competing regulatory bills for crypto assets, following President Karol Nawrocki's veto of related legislation twice. This review involves multiple legislative proposals from the government, the presidential office, the Poland 2050 party, and the Confederation party, with a second reading vote expected to take place on Thursday. The core disagreement centers on the scope of the Polish Financial Supervision Authority (KNF) regarding account freezing powers and the maximum penalties for violations. The presidential draft sets the maximum fine at approximately 20 million zlotys (about 5.5 million USD), while the Ministry of Finance's version raises it to 25 million zlotys (about 6.9 million USD).Meanwhile, the opposition Law and Justice party (PiS), after withdrawing support for earlier regulatory proposals, submitted a separate bill on Monday advocating for a complete ban on crypto asset-related activities in Poland, further complicating the regulatory discussion. Speaker Czarzasty stated that the PiS ban draft will enter the review process only after the four main regulatory bills are completed and questioned the connection between crypto industry funding and political activities, specifically inquiring about potential political financing issues, including those involving zondacrypto.

Delphi Digital analyzes the marginal changes in the Bitcoin financing model strategy, with STRC becoming a key expansion engine but risks rising simultaneously

The cryptocurrency research institution Delphi Digital released the latest report "How Far Can Saylor Stretch It," which systematically analyzes the Bitcoin (BTC) funding expansion mechanism of Strategy, pointing out that its financing structure is transitioning from "low-cost accumulation" to the "diminishing marginal efficiency" stage. The report shows that in the current asset accumulation system centered around Bitcoin, STRC has become the core financing tool for Strategy's continuous purchase of BTC. Initially, it relied on a significant premium in MSTR's stock price (mNAV far exceeding BTC's net value) to achieve a positive cycle of "issuance leads to accumulation," but as the valuation has fallen back to about 1.24 times the EV-based mNAV, the BTC per share enhancement effect from common stock issuance is nearing breakeven.At the same time, while convertible bond tools have played an important role historically, they have accumulated about $8.2 billion in principal and will face concentrated repayment pressure after September 2027, putting long-term sustainability of the financing structure under pressure. STRC provides a continuous financing source for Strategy by offering approximately 11.5% annualized monthly dividends to income-oriented investors, to maintain the pace of BTC purchases. However, this mechanism also introduces ongoing cash flow obligations, meaning that each round of financing increases BTC assets while simultaneously accumulating future dividend burdens.The report emphasizes key risk scenarios: if BTC prices remain stagnant and MSTR's premium fails to recover, then the "STRC financing purchase gain" may be gradually offset by "common stock dilution and dividend obligations." Although the company's approximately $2.25 billion cash reserves can cover about $1 billion in redemption pressure in 2027, larger-scale debt and dividend structures in 2028 still need to be addressed. Additionally, the current authorized issuance limit of about $28.3 billion for STRC becomes a critical constraint point. Once the limit is reached, the ability to purchase new BTC may slow down, but existing dividend obligations will continue to exist, thus altering the overall BTC per share dynamic growth path.

Ethereum Foundation releases progress on the Glamsterdam upgrade: the development network is now online, and the Hegotá expansion roadmap is advancing simultaneously

The Ethereum Foundation disclosed the results of a recent interoperability meeting held by core developers in the Svalbard archipelago of Norway and updated the key technical progress for the next phase upgrade, Glamsterdam. During the meeting, multiple client teams collaborated on network scalability and execution layer optimization, making progress in several directions. Developers confirmed that based on the comprehensive results of ePBS, BAL optimization, and the EIP-8037 repricing mechanism, a consensus on the "trusted path" after Glamsterdam has been reached.In terms of the execution layer, ePBS (External Proposer Separation Architecture) has been stably running in the multi-client Glamsterdam-devnet, and the external block builder process has completed end-to-end testing, covering almost all client implementations. Meanwhile, EIP-8037 has been finalized, establishing the fixed cost_per_state_byte model, and complete repricing parameter output has been achieved in bal-devnet-6. The scalability direction Hegotá has also made progress. The FOCIL-related prototype has a runnable implementation, and the scope of account abstraction (AA) requirements has been defined, with the next phase entering the multi-client development network verification stage.Current development focus remains on the final implementation of Glamsterdam while advancing the Hegotá scalability design and subsequent Strawmap route evolution. The development network is online, and functionalities such as FOCIL are expected to continue deepening in the next phase of testing. At the organizational level, this interop meeting also marks the formal initiation of leadership structure adjustments within the Protocol Cluster. The new leaders include Will Corcoran, Kev Wedderburn, and Fredrik. Will Corcoran is responsible for zkVM proof and post-quantum consensus coordination, Kev Wedderburn leads zkEVM development, and Fredrik is in charge of protocol security and the Trillion Dollar Security project.Original Protocol Cluster leadership team members Barnabé Monnot and Tim Beiko will gradually step back from management roles, and Alex Stokes is entering a leave period. The foundation stated that during its term, the Protocol has completed modular advancement and facilitated the launch of the Fusaka upgrade (December 2025), introduced PeerDAS, and enhanced mainnet gas capacity.
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