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BTC $79,104.27 -2.79%
ETH $2,225.51 -3.16%
BNB $674.37 -0.84%
XRP $1.43 -5.91%
SOL $89.50 -3.84%
TRX $0.3519 -0.76%
DOGE $0.1132 -2.65%
ADA $0.2611 -4.91%
BCH $425.75 -2.77%
LINK $10.08 -5.19%
HYPE $44.87 +0.48%
AAVE $93.10 -6.93%
SUI $1.10 -8.74%
XLM $0.1545 -6.71%
ZEC $522.84 -3.49%

paradigm

Paradigm partners release PACTs proposal, allowing holders from the Satoshi era to prove control without moving BTC

Concerns about quantum computing in Bitcoin always revolve around a "Satoshi-related problem." If a sufficiently powerful quantum computer emerges, millions of Bitcoins stored in old wallets with exposed public keys may face the risk of being stolen, including approximately 1.1 million Bitcoins that are allegedly owned by the anonymous creator Satoshi, currently valued at about $84 billion.Senior developer Jameson Lopp and five other developers formally proposed this plan through BIP-361 in mid-April, which aims to gradually phase out addresses vulnerable to quantum attacks over a five-year timeline and freeze any coins that fail to complete the migration. However, this proposal creates another issue: Satoshi and all other long-dormant holders would have to publicly "reveal themselves," or risk losing access to their assets.Dan Robinson, a general partner at Paradigm, released a proposal on Friday that suggests a way to circumvent this trade-off, with the core concept being "Provable Address Control Time Stamps" (PACTs). The main idea of PACTs is not to move coins, but to timestamp ownership proofs on specific dates, without disclosing any information externally until the wallet owner truly needs to spend.If Bitcoin later implements a soft fork to freeze coins vulnerable to quantum attacks, the protocol could include a rescue path that accepts STARK proofs (a type of zero-knowledge proof that remains secure against quantum computers), proving that the holder created their commitment before the existence of quantum hardware. When the holder wishes to spend, they submit this proof, and the network releases the corresponding coins. This redemption process will not reveal any information about the address, amount, or even the original timestamp creation time.

first_img Fortune Magazine: Paradigm, a16z crypto and other crypto VC asset management scales have significantly shrunk

According to Fortune magazine, in the context of a downturn in the crypto market in 2025 and the distribution of profits to investors, the portfolio values of crypto venture capital firms such as Paradigm and a16z crypto have significantly shrunk.According to filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the total assets under management (AUM) of four crypto funds under a16z crypto dropped nearly 40% from 2024 to 2025, falling to $9.5 billion. Part of the reason is that the firm began returning capital to investors from earlier funds, and the timing of the returns coincided with the market peak in 2025, with a net DPI (distributions to paid-in capital) of 5.4 for its first crypto fund.Multicoin Capital's AUM has more than halved, dropping to about $2.7 billion. Paradigm's holdings also slightly decreased by about 6%. Meanwhile, the total size of a16z crypto's parent company, Andreessen Horowitz, has exceeded $100 billion.The report points out that the shrinkage in assets under management reflects the decline in portfolio value due to the market downturn, and is also a sign of normal exits by VCs and the return of funds to limited partners (LPs). Some firms, such as Haun Ventures, have seen their AUM grow by over 30%, reaching around $2.5 billion.Currently, Paradigm is seeking to raise a new fund of $1.5 billion, and a16z crypto is also raising up to $2 billion for its fifth fund.
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