fhe

According to The Block, the stablecoin payment startup Raycash, spun off from the privacy protocol Zama, has launched on the Ethereum mainnet and is currently in the private testing phase. Raycash stated that over 75,000 people had joined the waiting list before the launch, and access will be opened in batches during the private testing period, followed by a full launch.Raycash is built on the Zama protocol and employs fully homomorphic encryption technology to encrypt on-chain balances and transaction amounts. Users can wrap stablecoins 1:1 into tokens under the ERC-7984 confidential token standard for payments and receipts, and earn yields through Morpho, with amounts and balances kept private; the underlying stablecoins can be retrieved through permissionless unwrapping. Initially, the application supports USDC and allows for bank transfers, credit card or stablecoin deposits, and withdrawals to bank accounts, with Ethereum Gas fees handled by the platform in the background, so users do not need to hold ETH.Raycash stated that its wallet is a self-custodial wallet, and confidential tokens do not have freezing or confiscation capabilities at the token level, allowing users to grant viewing permissions to specific parties such as accounting and auditing institutions. Additionally, the Raycard for privacy consumption is under development.

Arbitrum posted on platform X that the Fhenix mainnet has been launched, bringing FHE-driven privacy features to Arbitrum. Users can now switch transactions from public mode to private mode through Fhenix Dual Mode.

X user Irene Patrikios (@crypto_irene) announced that she has been appointed as the Chief Business Officer of the fully homomorphic encryption company Zama. She stated that she has been working in the cryptocurrency industry for nearly 12 years and believes that blockchain requires institutions, enterprises, and individuals to publicly operate financial activities, a gap that has long existed and is difficult to support large-scale funds on-chain. She joined the company in November 2025, before the launch of the Zama mainnet, and stated that confidentiality is the infrastructure that enables institutions holding global capital to truly go on-chain, and Zama is providing this capability.Irene Patrikios also mentioned that over the past year, Zama's business team has reached collaborations with several major participants to launch confidential DeFi and establish a business pipeline. Zama's CEO Rand Hindi and the board are increasing support for the next phase of the team's development. She expressed her gratitude to Rand Hindi, the board, and the Zama team.

The DAO governance platform Aragon announced the launch of Confidential Voting, a governance plugin based on the Zama Protocol for Aragon OSx. This plugin keeps individual votes encrypted during the counting process while retaining the familiar Aragon voting experience. Zama's programmable confidentiality allows projects to define decryptable information, decryptors, and conditions.Voters select for, against, or abstain through the Aragon interface, choosing to encrypt and submit using the Zama Relayer SDK on the client side. The plugin utilizes fully homomorphic encryption for verification, weighting, and accumulating encrypted votes, only performing threshold decryption on the final counts of for, against, and abstain after the voting ends. The plugin does not grant decryption rights to individual ballots.To maintain confidentiality during voting, the system does not provide real-time counting, does not support early execution, and allows voters to change their encrypted votes before the deadline. The plugin adopts a modular architecture, allowing it to be used in parallel with other governance primitives, and actions related to proposals are executed by the DAO after approval.

On-chain financial privacy infrastructure Primus announced that it has received investment from YZi Labs to support its ongoing work in on-chain financial privacy infrastructure. Primus also thanks YZi Labs and EASYResidency for their investment, support, and trust.Primus Confidential Vault is now live on the BNB Chain, providing private asset transfer and yield features for on-chain finance through FHE.

Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) Layer 2 project Fhenix announced the completion of its acquisition of FHE infrastructure company Sunscreen, with the specific acquisition amount undisclosed. Sunscreen founder Ravital Solomon joins Fhenix as the head of research. Fhenix stated that this acquisition is expected to enhance its research and development capabilities in the field of on-chain privacy computing.Sunscreen focuses on applying fully homomorphic encryption technology in the blockchain field and is one of the early explorers in this track. It has also developed relatively advanced compiler technology within the ecosystem, aiming to lower the usage threshold of cryptographic computing for developers.

Mind Network announces the launch of its encrypted A2A (Agent-to-Agent) payment solution x402z. This solution is a deep collaboration between FHE technology leader Mind Network and Zama, aimed at addressing the fundamental conflict between blockchain transparency and the strategic privacy needs of autonomous AI Agents. Mind Network CEO Christian Pusateri stated, "x402z is the key payment layer for HTTPZ (Zero Trust Internet Protocol), providing the necessary privacy protection for the Agent economy."x402z integrates Zama's production-grade Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) technology stack with the ERC-7984 encrypted token standard, enabling "Blind Verification" of economic activities. Validators can confirm the compliance of transactions without accessing specific amounts, balances, or transaction intents. Zama CEO Rand Hindi remarked, "For AI to gain freedom, its computations must remain private. FHE grants them the right to think and trade in secret. x402z is the first step towards a privacy-centric autonomous economy."In response to the current issue of "excessive transparency" in blockchain leading to the leakage of strategies, cost structures, and IP of AI Agents, x402z provides the necessary privacy protection for the Agent economy, preventing Agents from losing their competitive edge due to data leaks. Additionally, through the x402 protocol, AI Agents can autonomously generate encrypted payment instructions and complete zero-trust settlements within Mind Network's FHE verification network. It is reported that Mind Network has already secured investments from well-known institutions such as Yzi Labs, HashKey, and Chainlink, and has simultaneously launched the x402z A2A Payment Alliance, aiming to unite leaders in AI and privacy to jointly build the privacy financial standards for the Agent economy era.

ZCash research expert c-node posted, "MPC, tFHE, and TEEs can build privacy applications that cannot be achieved with ZK, but the privacy strength is weaker. It is recommended to prioritize the use of pure ZK for payments, transfers, and voting."Vitalik Buterin replied, "ZK itself cannot provide coercion resistance, and in scenarios like voting, it still requires the combination of trusted parties, MPC, FHE, or TEE to achieve that feature. We can enhance system security through layered architectures like ZK + FHE; even if FHE is compromised, all privacy attributes except coercion resistance can still be retained. I suspect a similar situation applies to almost all other cryptographic application scenarios beyond zero-knowledge proofs."

FHE cryptography company Zama announced the strategic acquisition of KKRT Labs, a move that strengthens Zama's technical depth in blockchain scalability and efficiency (ZK) aggregation, while accelerating its ability to provide high-performance confidentiality to all public blockchains.KKRT Labs is a pioneering R&D company focused on using zero-knowledge proofs to scale blockchain.

ChainCatcher news, Israeli privacy blockchain infrastructure developer Fhenix has received investment from Japan's Biprogy and TransLink Capital.Fhenix focuses on developing privacy-oriented blockchain infrastructure, utilizing homomorphic encryption technology to enable confidential transactions on decentralized finance platforms. Biprogy is a major information technology service company in Japan, holding a significant position in the financial services sector. This round of investment will support Fhenix's entry into the Japanese Web3 and fintech markets, including establishing potential partnerships with local financial institutions. The funds will help adapt its privacy technology to meet the demands of the Japanese market.

ChainCatcher message, Ethereum founder Vitalik Buterin stated that he hopes more developers of zero-knowledge proofs (ZK) and fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) can present performance overhead using the "ratio of computational encrypted time to original computational time," rather than just describing performance in terms of "executions per second."He pointed out that this approach is more hardware-independent and can help developers assess the efficiency trade-offs when transitioning applications from "trust reliance" to "encrypted security." Vitalik believes that even if heterogeneous operations lead to ratios still influenced by hardware, the overhead factor remains a more informative metric.

ChainCatcher news, according to CoinDesk, UK-based startup Optalysys, focused on secure computing, announced the launch of what is claimed to be the world's first server designed specifically for blockchain, capable of large-scale data processing without the need for decryption.The company's LightLocker node is a server that utilizes fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) technology. This is a mathematical method that allows computations to be performed directly on encrypted data without compromising the encryption itself.Over the past year, several companies have raised funds in the cryptocurrency space and explored the applications of fully homomorphic encryption (FHE). Optalysys stated that its server hardware is specifically designed for blockchain encryption, providing a more cost-effective alternative to expensive and inefficient GPU systems, with a 40% reduction in energy consumption.Optalysys is headquartered in Leeds, England, and was founded in 2013 by CEO Nick New and CTO Robert Todd. The company completed a £21 million (approximately $28 million) Series A funding round in July 2023.

ChainCatcher news, Mind Network announced a strategic partnership with Alibaba Cloud to provide security and consensus support for Alibaba Cloud's DeepSeek service based on Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE). Both parties will jointly promote the application of FHE technology in cloud AI inference scenarios, enhancing the security of AI infrastructure.This collaboration is based on Alibaba Cloud's high-performance GPU clusters and secure computing environment to achieve FHE encrypted inference support for DeepSeek model services, and to promote the construction of hybrid Agent architecture, encrypted API services, and scalable AI workflows.Through this partnership, Mind Network and Alibaba Cloud plan to expand the AgenticWorld ecosystem from the open-source community to cloud infrastructure, providing high-performance and privacy-preserving AI services for global developers and enterprises.

ChainCatcher news, according to official sources, the fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) infrastructure project Mind Network has officially launched DeepSeek Hub, as the first Advance Hub within the AgenticWorld ecosystem, marking the transition of agents from the training phase to the working phase.In DeepSeek Hub, users can delegate their owned agents to participate in task execution, experience encrypted conversations based on DeepSeek R1, and earn FHE rewards based on their contributions. Through fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) and on-chain consensus mechanisms, DeepSeek Hub has achieved a secure working environment for collaborative encrypted agents with model verification, verifiable inference, and collaboration.Mind Network is the first FHE project integrated with DeepSeek. Official data shows that since the launch of AgenticWorld, Mind Network has deployed over 60,000 AI agents, completing more than 6 million hours of training.The Mind Network ecosystem token $FHE has been launched on platforms such as Binance Alpha, Kraken, and Binance Contracts, featuring multiple functions including governance, staking, and payments, continuously leading the FHE and AI sectors.

ChainCatcher news, according to the announcement from Huobi HTX, Huobi HTX has opened the deposit service for FHE at 19:00 (GMT+8) on April 22. FHE/USDT spot trading will open at 14:00 (GMT+8) on April 23. The withdrawal service for FHE will open at 14:00 (GMT+8) on April 24.It is reported that Mind Network is promoting the development of a new generation of zero-trust internet transmission protocol (HTTPZ), leveraging Fully Homomorphic Encryption (FHE) ------ a technology hailed as the "Holy Grail of Cryptography," making quantum resistance and fully encrypted data transmission with AI computation possible. Mind Network provides core trust and security guarantees for the AI-Agent economy, enabling AI agents to operate autonomously and collaboratively in a decentralized Web3 ecosystem.